The Republic of Moldova could exploit geothermal resources to reduce dependence on energy imports and boost sustainable economic development. A study conducted by the Ministry of Energy analyzes the country's geothermal potential and proposes an implementation strategy by 2035, IPN reports.

Geothermal energy is heat energy generated inside the earth, which can be used to heat buildings, power urban grids, and even produce electricity. This is considered a renewable source because the heat in the subsoil is naturally renewed.

Depending on the depth of exploitation, there are several types of geothermal energy. The surface resources, located at depths of several tens of meters, can be used with the help of heat pumps to heat homes or ecological neighborhoods. Sources located several hundred meters deep, with temperatures between 30 degrees and 90 degrees, are suitable for district heating networks. At greater depths, up to 3,000 meters, where temperatures exceed 150 degrees, geothermal energy can be converted into electricity.

The Ministry of Energy's study suggests launching pilot projects between 2027 and 2029 in various localities, including Chisinau, Cahul, Gura Căinarului and Mărculești. According to the authorities, starting with 2030, geothermal systems could be extended to other cities and villages, where new plants could be built.

Specialists estimated the costs for the development of the geothermal sector at approximately €300 million in the next 12 years. These funds would cover the construction, installation and modernization of the infrastructure needed to use geothermal energy. Before implementation, the authorities will carry out detailed geological studies and design a map of geothermal resources.

According to publicly available information, geothermal energy is a clean solution with a low environmental impact, which is constantly available, regardless of weather conditions. By harnessing this local resource, Moldova could contribute to combating climate change and reducing energy costs in the long term.

The study was conducted with the support of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the Global Environment Facility and can be consulted on the website of the Ministry of Energy.