March 12 is the World Day of preventing renal maladies (the World Kidney Day). This year, the action is unfolded in Moldova with the slogan: “Keep your blood pressure within normal limits,” Info-Prim Neo has learnt from the press service of the Health Ministry. Hypertension is considered to be the most important public health problem of the developed countries. It represents the prevailing factor bringing to renal, chronic insufficiency in most countries of the world. The number of morbidity through terminal chronic renal insufficiency, that needs the substitution of the renal function, is continuously growing. The treatment of chronic renal maladies is often long-lasting, frequently expensive, it doesn’t lack antagonistic effects and, in many cases, it only stops the disease, but it doesn’t cure it. Preventing chronic kidney diseases consists in avoiding catching colds and infections, avoiding overwork and intoxications with different chemical and medical substances, renouncing harmful habits, especially smoking and abusive consumption of alcohol, observing dietary, keeping from liquids and salt (persons with edema and /or hypertensive). A big importance must be paid to the adequate treatment of systemic maladies with a potential of developing renal affection (hyperglycemia, hypertension, self-refractory diseases). At the end of 2008, the number of patients benefiting from hemodialysis treatment in 7 specialized sections of Moldova reached 330. About 400 million people on the globe suffer from chronic renal diseases, of whom about 4-6 million persons have terminal chronic renal insufficiency and about 2 million people are treated through different methods of supplying the renal function or survive due to renal transplantation.