In Moldova fewer children are born than necessary for the generation swap. The couples’ decision to postpone having a child is due to the lack of jobs and own housing, but also small salaries and the uncertainty of the day of tomorrow. The subject has been discussed at the applied scientific Conference, which had the motto: “Moldova’s demographic future”. Olga Gagauz, head of the Demography Division of the Institute for European Integration and Political Sciences of the Moldovan Academy of Sciences, mentioned that the research done by institute specialists shows a continually decreasing birthrate in Moldova. “In 2011 we registered 1.26 children born per fertile woman. For the change of generations this indicator should be 2.1”, mentioned Olga Gagauz. According to the expert, there is a need for policies that would ameliorate reproductive health, and decrease infant and youth mortality. “In terms of legislation, everything is well written, but we have to understand that in a market economy families with children will always be the socially vulnerable group”, noted Olga Gagauz. The Minister of Labor, Social Protection and Family Valentina Buliga mentioned that some researchers claim that in the near future the demographic crisis will become more stringent than the economic one; in order to stop that from aggravating Moldova’s state, we need a set of policies for assuring healthcare services. “We’re obligated to adjust our policies, especially in the social and healthcare sphere, and see how we can prevent and diminish their effects on the labor market. We will not be able to face the situation if we don’t offer new possibilities and opportunities to those who are presently employed. A long-term provision should be related to the pensions of those people who go for their well-deserved retirement. It is also very important to see how the labor market correlates to these processes, what do we do and how do we attract more people to the labor market”, said the Minister. Boris Gilca, UNFPA assistant representative in Moldova, says that our country, although late, establishes the basics of a demographic school that is necessary to the State for the elaboration of demographic policies, as well as for research. The Government developed the national strategic demographic security Program. “Looking into the future, Moldova’s demographic trends look rather pessimistic. The UN Report shows that Moldova will have lost about 1 million from its population by 2050. Presently, we already have about 700,000 working abroad, and regrettably, the Government has no data on them. Another report, presented by the Vienna Demographic Institute, which projected the demographic situation for 100 years, found that Moldova will have a population of 1.5 million around year 2130”, stated Boris Gilca. World Population Day, celebrated on July 11, was established by the United Nations in 1989 when the global population reached 5 billion.